USA
Opensignal is the independent global standard for analyzing consumers' connectivity experiences. Our industry reports are the definitive guide to understanding what happens when people use their mobile and broadband connections in their daily life.
USA
Opensignal is the independent global standard for analyzing consumers' connectivity experiences. Our industry reports are the definitive guide to understanding what happens when people use their mobile and broadband connections in their daily life.
Key Findings
T-Mobile users have 2.5 times faster download speeds than their AT&T peers and three times faster than those on Verizon
Once again, T-Mobile wins both overall speed awards outright. It retains Download Speed Experience with a score of 113.1Mbps and Upload Speed Experience with a score of 12.1Mbps. T-Mobile has increased its winning margins over AT&T and Verizon for both metrics compared to the previous U.S. Mobile Network Experience report. Our T-Mobile users enjoy 2.5 times faster average overall download speeds than their AT&T peers and around three times faster than those on Verizon’s network.
Verizon wins all three 5G experiential awards
Verizon defends all three 5G experiential awards it won in the previous report — 5G Video Experience, 5G Live Video Experience and 5G Games Experience — and wins them again outright. For 5G Live Video Experience, all U.S. national carriers rate as Excellent (58 or above) — our users are, on average, able to stream real-time video at least at 1080p with low loading times, little stalling, and a satisfactory live offset.
T-Mobile surpasses the 200Mbps milestone for 5G Download Speed, while Verizon increases its lead for 5G Upload Speed
Powered with the 2.5GHz spectrum band, T-Mobile triumphs for 5G Download Speed with a score of 204.9Mbps — hitting the 200Mbps milestone for the first time. However, AT&T and Verizon have whittled away at T-Mobile’s lead in 5G Download Speed due to boosts in their scores of 43.5Mbps (54.4%) and 39Mbps (40.5%). These increases are driven by the additional C-band spectrum both AT&T and Verizon gained access to in August 2023. Furthermore, Verizon wins 5G Upload Speed outright for the second time in a row, with a score of 19.9Mbps. It increases its winning margin over T-Mobile to 2.3Mbps — up from 0.3Mbps in the previous report.
Verizon wins Coverage Experience outright, while T-Mobile takes the top spot for 5G Coverage Experience
Opensignal’s new Coverage Experience metrics measure the geographic coverage of populated areas. Coverage Experience goes to Verizon, which wins the award outright with a score of 9.5 points on a 10-point scale — 0.5 points ahead of AT&T and one point ahead of T-Mobile. Meanwhile, T-Mobile triumphs for 5G Coverage Experience with a score of 7.4 points on a 10-point scale. AT&T comes second, 1.6 points behind the winner, while Verizon takes third place, with a score of 5.4 points.
AT&T retains the Availability award
Availability reflects the proportion of time all Opensignal users on an operator’s network had either a 3G, 4G or 5G connection. AT&T remains the sole winner for Availability, with a score of 99.5% — which is the operator’s only national win. AT&T’s score beats Verizon’s by 0.2 percentage points. T-Mobile comes third with a score of 98.5%, one percentage point behind the winner.
T-Mobile wins Consistent Quality for the second consecutive time
Our U.S. users see the most consistent quality of services on T-Mobile’s network. The operator secures the Consistent Quality award outright for the second time in a row, scoring 80.3% and a lead of 3.7 percentage points over Verizon. AT&T comes third with a score of 75.7%. AT&T’s and T-Mobile’s scores increased by 0.5 and 0.4 percentage points, respectively, while Verizon's score dropped by 0.2 percentage points. Consistent Quality quantifies how often users’ experience on a network is sufficient to support various more demanding common applications used for a range of common tasks. It measures download speed, upload speed, latency, jitter, packet loss, and time to first byte.
Mobile Experience Awards
Market Overview
In Opensignal's latest U.S. Mobile Network Experience report we introduce new Coverage Experience metrics that measure the extent of overall and 5G coverage in the places our users live, work, and travel. Verizon comes first for Coverage Experience, while T-Mobile wins 5G Coverage Experience outright.
Aside from the newly introduced categories, we do not see any changes in award holders across all overall and 5G categories. All operators retain the awards they won in the previous Mobile Network Experience and 5G Experience reports published in July 2023. T-Mobile leads the award count with nine outright wins out of 15 awards available. It achieves the clean sweep in the overall experience section, commands significant leads for 5G Download Speed and 5G Availability and completes its haul with the Consistent Quality and 5G Coverage Experience awards.
Verizon ends with five awards claimed outright — three experiential 5G awards (5G Video Experience, 5G Live Video Experience, 5G Games Experience), along with 5G Upload Speed and Coverage Experience. AT&T scores the highest for Availability. There are no joint winners for any of the awards this time around.
In August 2023, T-Mobile started rolling out four-carrier aggregation on its 5G standalone (SA) network across multiple spectrum bands — including the 2.5GHz spectrum band, which has been supercharging T-Mobile’s network performance. Opensignal has previously quantified the impact of more 5G spectrum on 5G speed and experiential metrics globally. On top of its existing spectrum holdings, T-Mobile is leasing additional spectrum from Comcast — and potentially buying it on a long-run — for further 5G deployments. However, it is likely to offload its 800MHz band assets to Dish in Q1 2024.
AT&T, UScellular and Verizon also gained full access to their C-band spectrum holdings in August 2023, after satellite companies cleared the band early. We have observed the positive impact of additional spectrum — along with the eased 5G interference mitigations — on AT&T and Verizon’s performance around some of the biggest airports in the U.S. Meanwhile, UScellular intends to switch off its 3G CDMA networks in January 2024 and repurpose the spectrum for 4G services.
In this report we examine the mobile network experience of the three main mobile carriers in the U.S. — AT&T, T-Mobile, and Verizon — over a period of 90 days starting on September 16, 2023 and ending on December 14, 2023, to see how they fared. In the regional analysis, we also include UScellular (U) in 21 states where it offers cellular services, along with GCI (G) in Alaska.
Overall Experience
National Analysis
T-Mobile comes first for Video Experience with a score of 62 points on a 100-point scale. It commands a winning margin of 4.3 points over Verizon, while AT&T took third place with a score of 56.7 points.
T-Mobile rates as Good (58-68), while Verizon and AT&T place in the Fair (48-58) category. A Good (58-68) rating means that our users are, on average, able to stream video at 720p or better with satisfactory loading times and little stalling.
Video Experience scores account for adaptive bitrate streaming (ABR), a technology that allows Opensignal to accurately represent users' real video experience including video streams up to 4K quality.
Definitions
Opensignal’s Video Experience quantifies the quality of video streamed to mobile devices by measuring real-world video streams over an operator's networks. The metric is based on an International Telecommunication Union (ITU) approach, built upon detailed studies which have derived a relationship between technical parameters, including picture quality, video loading time and stall rate, with the perceived video experience as reported by real people. To calculate video experience, we are directly measuring video streams from end-user devices and using this ITU approach to quantify the overall video experience for each operator on a scale from 0 to 100. The videos tested include a mixture of resolutions — including Full HD (FHD) and 4K / Ultra HD (UHD) — and are streamed directly from the world’s largest video content providers.
In addition to Video Experience, we report on the following metrics related to video experience:
- 5G Video Experience: The average Video Experience of Opensignal users when they were connected to an operator’s 5G network.
- Video Experience – 5G Users: The average Video Experience of Opensignal users with a 5G device and a 5G subscription across an operator's networks. It factors in 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G video experience along with the availability of each technology.
- 4G Video Experience: The average Video Experience of Opensignal users on an operator's 4G network.
- 3G Video Experience: The average Video Experience of Opensignal users on an operator’s 3G network.
National Analysis
T-Mobile wins the Live Video Experience award outright for the second time in a row with a score of 59.3 points on a 100-point scale. AT&T is the runner-up with a score of 56.4 points, ahead of third-placed Verizon which scores 55.9 points.
T-Mobile is the only operator to place in the Excellent (58 or above) category, while Verizon and AT&T place in the category below — Very Good (53-58). An Excellent (58 or above) rating means that our users are, on average, able to stream video at least at 1080p with low loading times, little stalling and a satisfactory live offset.
Operators’ Live Video Experience scores are determined using a range of measures that impact users’ perceived live streaming viewing experience, including picture quality, video loading time, and stall rate, but also live playback offset — the time difference between real-time and the current playback position a viewer sees.
Unlike Video Experience, which represents on-demand video streams, Live Video Experience quantifies live video streaming used for current events. For example, when users watch live sports, game streams, music concerts, or news where the event is happening at that moment in time.
Definitions
Opensignal’s Live Video Experience quantifies the quality of real-time video streamed to mobile devices by measuring video streams over an operator's network. The metric extends the existing International Telecommunication Union (ITU) approach used for Opensignal's on-demand Video Experience metric, built upon detailed studies which have derived a relationship between technical parameters, including live playback offset, picture quality, video loading time and stall rate, with the perceived live video experience as reported by real people. To calculate live video experience, we are directly measuring live video streams from end-user devices and using this extension of ITU's approach to quantify the overall live video experience for each operator on a scale from 0 to 100. The videos tested include a mixture of resolutions and are streamed directly from the world’s largest video content providers.
National Analysis
T-Mobile stays firm on the top spot for Games Experience with a score of 71 points on a 100-point scale, beating Verizon by 2.5 points. T-Mobile's score has increased by 0.6 points since the previous report, while Verizon's score has decreased by 0.4 points. Meanwhile, AT&T's score remains statistically unchanged.
Our T-Mobile and Verizon users have a Fair (65-75) gaming experience, which means users find the experience to be average and in most cases, the game is responsive to the actions of the player. AT&T places in a category below — Poor (40-65).
Definitions
Opensignal’s Games Experience measures how mobile users experience real-time multiplayer mobile gaming on an operator’s network. Measured on a scale of 0-100, it analyzes how our users’ multiplayer mobile gaming experience is affected by mobile network conditions including latency, packet loss and jitter.
Games Experience quantifies the experience when playing real-time multiplayer mobile games on mobile devices connected to servers located around the world. The approach is built on several years of research quantifying the relationship between technical network parameters and the gaming experience as reported by real mobile users. These parameters include latency (round trip time), jitter (variability of latency) and packet loss (the proportion of data packets that never reach their destination). Additionally, it considers multiple genres of multiplayer mobile games to measure the average sensitivity to network conditions. The games tested include some of the most popular real-time multiplayer mobile games (such as Fortnite, Pro Evolution Soccer and Arena of Valor) played around the world.
Calculating Games Experience starts with measuring the end-to-end experience from users’ devices to internet end-points that host real games. The score is then measured on a scale from 0 to 100.
In addition to Games Experience, we report on the following metrics related to games experience:
- 5G Games Experience: The average Games Experience of Opensignal users when they were connected to an operator’s 5G network.
- Games Experience – 5G Users: The average Games Experience of Opensignal users with a 5G device and a 5G subscription across an operator's networks. It factors in 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G games experience along with the availability of each technology.
- 4G Games Experience: The average Games Experience of Opensignal users on an operator's 4G network.
- 3G Games Experience: The average Games Experience of Opensignal users on an operator's 3G (e.g. UMTS/HSPA or CDMA 1X EV-DO) network.
National Analysis
T-Mobile remains the sole winner of Download Speed Experience, this time with a score of 113.1Mbps. It has increased its winning margins over AT&T and Verizon, as its score has increased by 16.1Mbps, while AT&T's and Verizon’s — by 5.5Mbps and 3.9Mbps, respectively.
As a result, our T-Mobile users enjoy 2.5 times faster average overall download speeds than their AT&T peers and around three times faster than those on Verizon’s network.
Definitions
Measured in Mbps, Download Speed Experience represents the typical everyday speeds a user experiences across an operator’s mobile data networks.
In addition to Download Speed Experience, we report on the following metrics related to download speeds:
- 5G Download Speed: The average download speed observed by Opensignal users with active 5G connections.
- Download Speed Experience – 5G Users: The average download speeds experienced by Opensignal users with a 5G device and a 5G subscription across an operator’s networks. It factors in 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G download speeds along with the availability of each technology.
- 4G Download Speed: The average downlink speed observed by Opensignal users when they were connected to 4G.
- 3G Download Speed: The average downlink speed observed by Opensignal users when they were connected to 3G (e.g. UMTS/HSPA or CDMA 1X EV-DO).
National Analysis
T-Mobile defends the Upload Speed Experience award with a score of 12.1Mbps — 3.8Mbps (46.5%) ahead of Verizon. AT&T comes third with a score of 6.5Mbps.
T-Mobile has widened its leads for Upload Speed Experience over both competitors as its score has increased by 0.4Mbps. Meanwhile, AT&T's score has improved by 0.1Mbps and Verizon's score remains statistically unchanged from the previous report.
Definitions
Upload Speed Experience measures the average upload speeds for each operator observed by our users across their mobile data networks. Typically upload speeds are slower than download speeds, as current mobile broadband technologies focus resources on providing the best possible download speed for users consuming content on their devices. As mobile internet trends move away from downloading content to creating content and supporting real-time communications services, upload speeds are becoming more vital and new technologies are emerging that boost upstream capacity.
In addition to Upload Speed Experience, we report on five supporting metrics related to upload speeds:
- 5G Upload Speed: The average upload speed observed by Opensignal users with active 5G connections.
- Upload Speed Experience – 5G Users: The average upload speeds experienced by Opensignal users with a 5G device and a 5G subscription across an operator’s networks. It factors in 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G upload speeds along with the availability of each technology.
- 4G Upload Speed: The average uplink speed observed by Opensignal users when they were connected to 4G.
- 3G Upload Speed: The average uplink speed observed by Opensignal users when they were connected to 3G (e.g. UMTS/HSPA or CDMA 1X EV-DO).
Regional Analysis
Opensignal looked at the mobile network experience of our AT&T (A), T-Mobile (T), and Verizon (V) users across 51 U.S. regions — all 50 states and the District of Columbia. We also include results for UScellular (U) across 21 states where the carrier operates. In Alaska, the three active wireless carriers are AT&T, GCI (G), and Verizon — but T-Mobile does not operate there.
T-Mobile wins 196 state awards outright and 42 jointly in the overall experience section. It is the sole winner in more than 40 regions for Download Speed Experience, Upload Speed Experience, and Video Experience. Verizon takes home 11 awards outright and 29 jointly, mostly for Games Experience and Upload Speed Experience. AT&T has only one outright state win — for Live Video Experience in North Carolina — and shares the winners’ podium 19 times, mainly for Live Video Experience as well. GCI wins two awards outright and one jointly in Alaska and UScellular ends with three shared victories.
T-Mobile wins Download Speed Experience outright in 49 out of 50 regions and only shares a single top spot with AT&T in Vermont — which was AT&T’s sole victory in the previous report. GCI comes first in Alaska, where T-Mobile does not have its operations. Our T-Mobile users enjoy the fastest overall download speeds in the U.S. in the District of Columbia — 160.6Mbps. T-Mobile hits the 100Mbps milestone in 35 regions. Meanwhile, our Verizon users see the fastest average download speeds in North Dakota (64.8Mbps) and those on AT&T’s network — in Illinois (63.9Mbps).
T-Mobile smashes the Upload Speed Experience awards table, as it comes first outright in 44 regions and shares three joint wins with Verizon. Verizon retains its leadership in three states — Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota, while GCI remains the sole winner in Alaska. Our T-Mobile users see the fastest upload speeds in the U.S. in the District of Columbia, clocking in at 20.4Mbps.
Turning to two overall video metrics — Video Experience and Live Video Experience, T-Mobile wins state awards in 43 regions outright and in seven jointly for Video Experience — and in 27 regions outright and 20 jointly for Live Video Experience. No other operator sees any outright wins for Video Experience, but for Live Video Experience, AT&T is the sole winner in North Carolina, while Verizon — in Alaska. AT&T shares the winners’ podium in two regions for Video Experience and in 16 regions for Live Video Experience, while Verizon — in six and nine, respectively. UScellular is a joint winner for Video Experience in Maine and South Carolina — and for Live Video Experience in Wisconsin. GCI shares the winners’ podium with Verizon in Alaska for Video Experience. In this report. we do not report scores for Indiana and South Carolina for Live Video Experience.
It is a two-horse race for the regional Games Experience awards — T-Mobile wins outright in 33 regions, while Verizon is the sole winner in seven. Both operators share the winners’ podiums in the remaining 11 regions — which means no wins for AT&T, GCI or UScellular, either outright or joint. The outright award haul has shifted in T-Mobile’s favor compared to the latest report, as previously T-Mobile won 18 awards outright in this category, while Verizon solely took 16 awards home.
Regional Analysis Summary: USA, Mobile Network Experience Report, January 2024
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A-D
- Alabama
- Alaska
- Arizona
- Arkansas
- California
- Colorado
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- District of Columbia
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E-H
- Florida
- Georgia
- Hawaii
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I-L
- Idaho
- Illinois
- Indiana
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- Kansas
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
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M-P
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- Mississippi
- Missouri
- Montana
- Nebraska
- Nevada
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New Mexico
- New York
- North Carolina
- North Dakota
- Ohio
- Oklahoma
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
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Q-T
- Rhode Island
- South Carolina
- South Dakota
- Tennessee
- Texas
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U-X
- Utah
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Washington
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5G Experience
National Analysis
Verizon leads for 5G Video Experience with a score of 68 points on a 100-point scale. It commands a lead of 1.5 points over second-placed T-Mobile. AT&T comes third with a score of 61.8 points.
Our users on all three national mobile operators enjoy a Good (58-68) 5G Video Experience. This means that they are, on average, able to stream video at 720p or better with satisfactory loading times and little stalling.
5G Video Experience scores account for adaptive bitrate streaming (ABR), a technology that allows Opensignal to accurately represent users' real video experience including video streams up to 4K quality.
Definitions
5G Video Experience quantifies the quality of mobile video experienced by Opensignal users on real-world video streams when they were connected to 5G. The metric is based on an International Telecommunication Union (ITU) approach, built upon detailed studies which have derived a relationship between technical parameters, including picture quality, video loading time and stall rate, with the perceived video experience as reported by real people. To calculate 5G Video Experience, we are directly measuring video streams from end-user devices and using this ITU approach to quantify the video experience observed by our users on each operator’s 5G network on a scale from 0 to 100. The videos tested include a mixture of resolutions — including Full HD (FHD) and 4K / Ultra HD (UHD) — and are streamed directly from the world’s largest video content providers.
National Analysis
Verizon wins the 5G Live Video Experience award outright for the second consecutive time with a score of 67.8 points on a 100-point scale. T-Mobile takes second place with a score of 65.2 points, ahead of AT&T’s 61.7 points.
All operators rate as Excellent (58 or above) — our users are, on average, able to stream video at least at 1080p with low loading times, little stalling and a satisfactory live offset.
Operators’ 5G Live Video Experience scores are determined using a range of measures that impact users’ perceived live streaming viewing experience, including picture quality, video loading time, and stall rate, but also live playback offset — the time difference between real-time and the current playback position a viewer sees.
Unlike 5G Video Experience, which represents on-demand video streams, 5G Live Video Experience quantifies live video streaming used for current events. For example, when users watch live sports, game streams, music concerts, or news where the event is happening at that moment in time.
Definitions
Opensignal’s Live Video Experience quantifies the quality of real-time video streamed to mobile devices by measuring video streams over an operator's network. The metric extends the existing International Telecommunication Union (ITU) approach used for Opensignal's on-demand Video Experience metric, built upon detailed studies which have derived a relationship between technical parameters, including live playback offset, picture quality, video loading time and stall rate, with the perceived live video experience as reported by real people. To calculate live video experience, we are directly measuring live video streams from end-user devices and using this extension of ITU's approach to quantify the overall live video experience for each operator on a scale from 0 to 100. The videos tested include a mixture of resolutions and are streamed directly from the world’s largest video content providers.
5G Live Video Experience quantifies the quality of mobile video experienced by Opensignal users on real-world live video streams when they were connected to 5G.
National Analysis
Verizon leads for 5G Games Experience with a score of 81.5 points on a 100-point scale. It commands a lead of 4.1 points over T-Mobile, which places in second with its score of 77.4 points. AT&T takes the third spot with a score of 69.4 points.
All operators observed slight increases in their score since the previous report, ranging from 0.3 points for T-Mobile to 0.6 points for AT&T.
Verizon and T-Mobile place in the Good (75-85) category, while AT&T rates lower, placing in the Fair (65-75) category. Verizon and T-Mobile’s rating means that most users deem the experience acceptable and do not experience a delay between their actions and the game.
Definitions
5G Games Experience measures how mobile users experience real-time multiplayer mobile gaming on an operator's 5G network. It analyzes how our users’ multiplayer mobile gaming experience was affected by mobile network conditions including latency, packet loss and jitter. 5G Games Experience for each operator is calculated on a scale from 0 to 100.
5G Games Experience quantifies the experience when playing real-time multiplayer mobile games on mobile devices connected to servers located around the world. The approach is built on several years of research quantifying the relationship between technical network parameters and the gaming experience as reported by real mobile users. These parameters include latency (round trip time), jitter (variability of latency) and packet loss (the proportion of data packets that never reach their destination). Additionally, it considers multiple genres of multiplayer mobile games to measure the average sensitivity to network conditions. The games tested include some of the most popular real-time multiplayer mobile games (such as Fortnite, Pro Evolution Soccer and Arena of Valor) played around the world. Calculating 5G Games Experience starts with measuring the end-to-end experience from users’ devices to internet end-points that host real games.
National Analysis
T-Mobile triumphs for 5G Download Speed with a score of 204.9Mbps — hitting the 200Mbps milestone for the first time in this metric. T-Mobile commands a lead of 69.6Mbps (51.4%) over the runner-up Verizon, while AT&T takes the bronze medal, with a score of 123.5Mbps.
AT&T and Verizon have whittled away at T-Mobile’s lead for 5G Download Speed due to the boosts in their scores of 43.5Mbps (54.4%) and 39Mbps (40.5%) — while average 5G download speeds have improved by 9.4Mbps (4.8%) for our T-Mobile users. These increases for AT&T and Verizon are driven by the additional C-band spectrum both operators gained access to in August 2023. As a result, T-Mobile’s average 5G download speeds are around 50% faster than second-placed Verizon’s, down from twice as fast in the previous report.
Definitions
5G Download Speed shows the average download speed experienced by Opensignal users across an operator’s 5G network. 5G Download Speed for each operator is calculated in Mbps (Megabits per second).
National Analysis
Verizon secures the 5G Upload Speed award outright for the second report in a row, this time with a score of 19.9Mbps. It increases its winning margin over T-Mobile to 2.3Mbps — up from 0.3Mbps in the previous report. AT&T takes the third spot with a score of 14.1Mbps. Our 5G users on AT&T's and Verizon’s network have seen improvements in their average 5G upload speeds of 2Mbps and 1.5Mbps, respectively, while T-Mobile's score has decreased by 0.6Mbps.
Definitions
5G Upload Speed measures the average upload speeds experienced by Opensignal users across an operator’s 5G network. 5G Upload Speed for each operator is calculated in Mbps (Megabits per second).
Regional Analysis
We analyze the 5G network experience of our users on AT&T (A), T-Mobile (T) and Verizon’s (V) networks across 50 regions — District of Columbia and all of the U.S. states except for Alaska. On top of this, we include results for UScellular (U) in 18 states where the operator offers its 5G services.
Verizon collects the most awards in the regional tables of the 5G experience section, with 124 outright and 60 joint wins under its belt — with the bulk of its awards coming from 5G Games Experience, 5G Upload Speed and 5G Video Experience. T-Mobile ends with 46 outright and 53 joint wins — with its sole wins mainly for the 5G Download Speed category and its shared victories — mostly for 5G Video Experience and 5G Live Video Experience. AT&T and UScellular are joint winners in 10 and eight regions, respectively, with the majority of AT&T’s shared podiums for 5G Live Video Experience.
T-Mobile smashes the 5G Download Speed awards table, winning outright in 40 regions and sharing the winners’ podium in three — all with Verizon. On top of its three joint wins, Verizon leads in four states — Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and West Virginia. Verizon has improved its award haul compared to the previous report, where it collected two outright victories and one joint win. Our T-Mobile users enjoy their fastest average 5G download speeds in the District of Columbia, of 278.9Mbps. T-Mobile’s average 5G download speeds exceed 200Mbps in 25 regions, while Verizon hits this milestone only in North Dakota.
Verizon strengthens its position in the regional 5G Upload Speed awards, as the operator wins 36 awards outright and seven jointly — up from 32 and three in the previous report. T-Mobile’s award haul shrinks from 14 sole and four shared wins in the previous report to four and seven this time around. T-Mobile wins outright in Delaware, the District of Columbia, Maryland, and New York. Both T-Mobile and Verizon share the winners’ podium in seven states, meaning no outright or joint wins for AT&T or UScellular in this category. In terms of the fastest 5G upload speeds in the country, T-Mobile in the District of Columbia ties with Verizon in North Dakota, with scores of 30.4-31.4Mbps.
Verizon collects 30 outright and 15 joint wins for 5G Video Experience award. T-Mobile takes home one award outright — in Hawaii — and shares the winners’ podium 15 times. AT&T and UScellular end with much more modest award hauls — AT&T jointly wins in Vermont, while UScellular — in Kansas, Maine, and New Hampshire.
Verizon is also successful across the U.S. regions for the other 5G video metric — 5G Live Video Experience. It comes first either solely or jointly in every state we report on for this metric — and it accumulates 16 outright and 22 joint wins in total. No other operator ends with a joint win in this category — T-Mobile has 17 shared victories, AT&T — nine, and UScellular — four. In this report. We do not report 5G Live Video Experience scores for 12 states — Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Washington, and Wyoming.
Verizon dominates the awards table for 5G Games Experience, as it wins in 38 regions outright and in 11 jointly. T-Mobile secures one award outright — in Montana — and shares nine more across the U.S. regions. AT&T and UScellular end with one joint win each — AT&T in Delaware and UScellular in Maine. Our Verizon users in Oregon and Washington enjoy the best 5G Games Experience in the U.S., with statistically tied scores of 86.1-86.9 points on a 100-point scale.
Regional Analysis Summary: USA, Mobile Network Experience Report, January 2024
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A-D
- Alabama
- Arizona
- Arkansas
- California
- Colorado
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- District of Columbia
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E-H
- Florida
- Georgia
- Hawaii
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I-L
- Idaho
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
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M-P
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- Mississippi
- Missouri
- Montana
- Nebraska
- Nevada
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New Mexico
- New York
- North Carolina
- North Dakota
- Ohio
- Oklahoma
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
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Q-T
- Rhode Island
- South Carolina
- South Dakota
- Tennessee
- Texas
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U-X
- Utah
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Washington
- West Virginia
- Wisconsin
- Wyoming
in Alabama
in Alabama
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in Arizona
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in Arkansas
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in California
in California
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in Colorado
in Colorado
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in Colorado
in Colorado
in Connecticut
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in Delaware
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in Delaware
in District of Columbia
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in District of Columbia
in District of Columbia
in Florida
in Florida
in Florida
in Florida
in Florida
in Georgia
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in Georgia
in Georgia
in Hawaii
in Hawaii
in Hawaii
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in Idaho
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in Idaho
in Illinois
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in Illinois
in Illinois
in Illinois
in Indiana
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in Iowa
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in Iowa
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in Kansas
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in Kentucky
in Kentucky
in Kentucky
in Kentucky
in Kentucky
in Louisiana
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in Maine
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in Michigan
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in Minnesota
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Coverage
National Analysis
Opensignal’s Coverage Experience metric measures the geographic signal coverage of populated areas. Coverage Experience goes to Verizon, which wins the award outright with a score of 9.5 points on a 10-point scale — 0.5 points ahead of AT&T and one point ahead of T-Mobile.
Definitions
The Opensignal Coverage Experience metric measures the extent of mobile networks in the places people live, work and travel. The metric represents the experience users receive as they travel around areas where they would reasonably expect to find coverage.
Traditional coverage metrics typically estimate either a percentage of land area covered, or a percentage of population covered; often neither will be an accurate measurement of the true user expectation and experience. In many markets there are areas where neither population density nor geographic area reflect the importance of coverage to users. For example, in a large mountain range most users will not expect coverage in the wilderness, but poor coverage in the relatively small area of a ski resort is critical for the enjoyment of a holiday. Estimates based purely on population give undue significance to coverage in the most densely populated areas.
Coverage Experience measures geographic coverage of populated areas and therefore more accurately reflects the coverage expectations and experience of typical users. It can give a result that is somewhat different to traditional estimates based on either geographic or population measures. The metric uses a scale from 0 to 10.
National Analysis
T-Mobile triumphs for 5G Coverage Experience with a score of 7.4 points on a 10-point scale. AT&T comes second, 1.6 points behind the winner, while Verizon takes third place with a score of 5.4 points. Opensignal’s 5G Coverage Experience metric measures the geographic 5G coverage of populated areas.
Definitions
The Opensignal Coverage Experience metric measures the extent of mobile networks in the places people live, work and travel. The metric represents the experience users receive as they travel around areas where they would reasonably expect to find coverage.
Traditional coverage metrics typically estimate either a percentage of land area covered, or a percentage of population covered; often neither will be an accurate measurement of the true user expectation and experience. In many markets there are areas where neither population density nor geographic area reflect the importance of coverage to users. For example, in a large mountain range most users will not expect coverage in the wilderness, but poor coverage in the relatively small area of a ski resort is critical for the enjoyment of a holiday. Estimates based purely on population give undue significance to coverage in the most densely populated areas.
Coverage Experience measures geographic coverage of populated areas and therefore more accurately reflects the coverage expectations and experience of typical users. It can give a result that is somewhat different to traditional estimates based on either geographic or population measures. The metric uses a scale from 0 to 10.
5G Coverage Experience shows the proportion of places Opensignal users with a 5G device and a 5G subscription had an active 5G connection.
National Analysis
Availability reflects the proportion of time all Opensignal users on an operator’s network had either a 3G, 4G or 5G connection. AT&T remains the sole winner for Availability, with a score of 99.5% — which is the operator’s only national win. AT&T’s score beats Verizon’s by 0.2 percentage points. T-Mobile comes third with a score of 98.5%, one percentage point behind the winner. All U.S. national operators have observed increases in their scores — ranging from 0.1 percentage points for AT&T and Verizon to 0.2 percentage points for T-Mobile.
Definitions
Our availability metrics are not a measure of a network’s geographical extent. They won’t tell you whether you are likely to get a signal if you plan to visit a remote rural or nearly uninhabited region. Instead, they measure what proportion of time people have a network connection, in the places they most commonly frequent — something often missed by traditional coverage metrics. Looking at when users have a connection rather than where, provides us with a more precise reflection of the true user experience.
We also keep track of the instances that leave mobile users most frustrated: when there is no signal to connect to at all. The most common dead zones users struggle with occur indoors. As most of our availability data is collected indoors (as that’s where users spend most of their time), we’re particularly astute at detecting areas of zero signal.
Our availability metrics take a user-centric, time-based approach that complements the user-centric and geographical-based methodology used by our reach metrics.
Availability shows the proportion of time all Opensignal users on an operator’s network had either a 3G, 4G or 5G connection.
National Analysis
T-Mobile wins 5G Availability outright with an impressive result of 64.3%. This reflects the percentage of time our 5G users with an active 5G subscription connect to 5G services on this network. T-Mobile commands a lead of 49.5 percentage points over AT&T and 55.6 percentage points over Verizon. This means our T-Mobile 5G users spend 4.3 times as much time connected to 5G than their AT&T peers and 7.4 times more than those on Verizon.
Definitions
Our availability metrics are not a measure of a network’s geographical extent. They won’t tell you whether you are likely to get a signal if you plan to visit a remote rural or nearly uninhabited region. Instead, they measure what proportion of time people have a network connection, in the places they most commonly frequent — something often missed by traditional coverage metrics. Looking at when users have a connection rather than where, provides us with a more precise reflection of the true user experience.
We also keep track of the instances that leave mobile users most frustrated: when there is no signal to connect to at all. The most common dead zones users struggle with occur indoors. As most of our availability data is collected indoors (as that’s where users spend most of their time), we’re particularly astute at detecting areas of zero signal.
Our availability metrics take a user-centric, time-based approach that complements the user-centric and geographical-based methodology used by our reach metrics.
5G Availability shows the proportion of time Opensignal users with a 5G device and a 5G subscription had an active 5G connection.
Regional Analysis
Each of the three national operators dominates different categories across the Coverage state awards table. Verizon (V) takes the most state awards home for Coverage Experience, AT&T (A) traditionally collects the most awards for Availability, while T-Mobile (T) reigns supreme across 5G Availability and 5G Coverage Experience.
Verizon leads the Coverage Experience award count, with 42 outright and two joint wins across the regions. AT&T is the sole winner in seven regions and shares the winners’ podium in two — in Kentucky, along with Verizon and in the District of Columbia, with both T-Mobile and Verizon. District of Columbia is the only state joint win for T-Mobile in this category — however, all three operators score perfect tens in the capital city.
AT&T ends with the highest haul of state Availability awards, winning 25 of them outright and 25 jointly. Verizon collects one outright win in North Dakota, along with 19 shared wins across the states. T-Mobile and UScellular have no outright wins, but join the winners’ podium in seven and eight regions for Availability, respectively.
We observe T-Mobile’s dominance for both 5G coverage metrics. The operator wins 44 awards outright and three jointly for 5G Coverage Experience. AT&T collects two outright and two joint wins — it leads in Arkansas and Louisiana while sharing the winners’ podium with T-Mobile in Kentucky and Texas. UScellular (U) is the sole winner in Iowa for 5G Coverage Experience. Meanwhile, Verizon ends with just one joint win — in the District of Columbia, shared with T-Mobile, where both operators see the highest 5G Coverage Experience scores in the U.S. — due to their statistically tied scores of 9.9-10 points on a 10-point scale.
T-Mobile does even better for the other metric measuring signal availability across the states — 5G Availability. It achieves a clean sweep once again, winning outright in all 50 covered regions. In 44 of these regions, T-Mobile scored above 60% for 5G Availability. Across all regions, AT&T sees its highest state result for 5G Availability in Arkansas (29.2%), UScellular — in Iowa (18.5%), while Verizon — in District of Columbia (16.4%).
Regional Analysis Summary: USA, Mobile Network Experience Report, January 2024
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A-D
- Alabama
- Alaska
- Arizona
- Arkansas
- California
- Colorado
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- District of Columbia
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E-H
- Florida
- Georgia
- Hawaii
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I-L
- Idaho
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
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M-P
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- Mississippi
- Missouri
- Montana
- Nebraska
- Nevada
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New Mexico
- New York
- North Carolina
- North Dakota
- Ohio
- Oklahoma
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
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Q-T
- Rhode Island
- South Carolina
- South Dakota
- Tennessee
- Texas
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U-X
- Utah
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Washington
- West Virginia
- Wisconsin
- Wyoming
in Alabama
in Alabama
in Alabama
in Alabama
in Alaska
in Alaska
in Arizona
in Arizona
in Arizona
in Arizona
in Arkansas
in Arkansas
in Arkansas
in Arkansas
in California
in California
in California
in California
in Colorado
in Colorado
in Colorado
in Colorado
in Connecticut
in Connecticut
in Connecticut
in Connecticut
in Delaware
in Delaware
in Delaware
in Delaware
in District of Columbia
in District of Columbia
in District of Columbia
in District of Columbia
in Florida
in Florida
in Florida
in Florida
in Georgia
in Georgia
in Georgia
in Georgia
in Hawaii
in Hawaii
in Hawaii
in Hawaii
in Idaho
in Idaho
in Idaho
in Idaho
in Illinois
in Illinois
in Illinois
in Illinois
in Indiana
in Indiana
in Indiana
in Indiana
in Iowa
in Iowa
in Iowa
in Iowa
in Kansas
in Kansas
in Kansas
in Kansas
in Kentucky
in Kentucky
in Kentucky
in Kentucky
in Louisiana
in Louisiana
in Louisiana
in Louisiana
in Maine
in Maine
in Maine
in Maine
in Maryland
in Maryland
in Maryland
in Maryland
in Massachusetts
in Massachusetts
in Massachusetts
in Massachusetts
in Michigan
in Michigan
in Michigan
in Michigan
in Minnesota
in Minnesota
in Minnesota
in Minnesota
in Mississippi
in Mississippi
in Mississippi
in Mississippi
in Missouri
in Missouri
in Missouri
in Missouri
in Montana
in Montana
in Montana
in Montana
in Nebraska
in Nebraska
in Nebraska
in Nebraska
in Nevada
in Nevada
in Nevada
in Nevada
in New Hampshire
in New Hampshire
in New Hampshire
in New Hampshire
in New Jersey
in New Jersey
in New Jersey
in New Jersey
in New Mexico
in New Mexico
in New Mexico
in New Mexico
in New York
in New York
in New York
in New York
in North Carolina
in North Carolina
in North Carolina
in North Carolina
in North Dakota
in North Dakota
in North Dakota
in North Dakota
in Ohio
in Ohio
in Ohio
in Ohio
in Oklahoma
in Oklahoma
in Oklahoma
in Oklahoma
in Oregon
in Oregon
in Oregon
in Oregon
in Pennsylvania
in Pennsylvania
in Pennsylvania
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in Rhode Island
in Rhode Island
in Rhode Island
in Rhode Island
in South Carolina
in South Carolina
in South Carolina
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in South Dakota
in South Dakota
in South Dakota
in South Dakota
in Tennessee
in Tennessee
in Tennessee
in Tennessee
in Texas
in Texas
in Texas
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in Utah
in Utah
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in Utah
in Vermont
in Vermont
in Vermont
in Vermont
in Virginia
in Virginia
in Virginia
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in Washington
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in Washington
in West Virginia
in West Virginia
in West Virginia
in West Virginia
in Wisconsin
in Wisconsin
in Wisconsin
in Wisconsin
in Wyoming
in Wyoming
in Wyoming
in Wyoming
Consistency
National Analysis
Our U.S. users see the most consistent quality of services on T-Mobile’s network. The operator secures the Consistent Quality award outright for the second time in a row, scoring 80.3% and a lead of 3.7 percentage points over Verizon. AT&T comes third with a score of 75.7%. AT&T’s and T-Mobile’s scores increased by 0.5 and 0.4 percentage points, while Verizon's result dropped by 0.2 percentage points.
Definitions
Consistent Quality measures if the network is sufficient to support common mobile application requirements at a level that is ‘good enough’ for users to maintain (or complete) various typical tasks on their devices.
We combine different experience indicators such as download speed, upload speed, latency, jitter, packet discard, and time to first byte to calculate Consistent Quality. These components are evaluated against thresholds recommended by various more demanding common applications used for a range of common tasks.
To calculate the metric value, the proportion of tests that pass the requirements of Consistent Quality is multiplied by the test success ratio, which is the proportion of completed tests to all tests conducted. Tests that pass indicate that activities such as video calling, uploading an image to social media, or using smart home applications will be possible without noticeable lag or slowdown.
Regional Analysis
T-Mobile (T) dominates the regional awards table in the Consistency section, as it wins Consistent Quality in 44 regions outright and jointly in one out of 50 where it operates (all except for Alaska). AT&T (A) and Verizon (V) lead in two states each — AT&T in North Carolina and Oklahoma, while Verizon — in both North Dakota and South Dakota. Verizon shares the winners’ podium in three states, each time with a different competitor — in Alaska with GCI (G), in Arkansas with T-Mobile and in Vermont with AT&T.
Our users enjoy the most consistent quality of mobile network services on T-Mobile’s network in Illinois (84.8%), followed by Rhode Island (84.3%). Verizon achieves its highest score for Consistent Quality in North Dakota (83.2%), AT&T in Illinois (81.8%), and UScellular (U) in Iowa (77.7%).
Regional Analysis Summary: USA, Mobile Network Experience Report, January 2024
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A-D
- Alabama
- Alaska
- Arizona
- Arkansas
- California
- Colorado
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- District of Columbia
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E-H
- Florida
- Georgia
- Hawaii
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I-L
- Idaho
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
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M-P
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- Mississippi
- Missouri
- Montana
- Nebraska
- Nevada
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New Mexico
- New York
- North Carolina
- North Dakota
- Ohio
- Oklahoma
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
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Q-T
- Rhode Island
- South Carolina
- South Dakota
- Tennessee
- Texas
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U-X
- Utah
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Washington
- West Virginia
- Wisconsin
- Wyoming
in Alabama
in Alaska
in Arizona
in Arkansas
in California
in Colorado
in Connecticut
in Delaware
in District of Columbia
in Florida
in Georgia
in Hawaii
in Idaho
in Illinois
in Indiana
in Iowa
in Kansas
in Kentucky
in Louisiana
in Maine
in Maryland
in Massachusetts
in Michigan
in Minnesota
in Mississippi
in Missouri
in Montana
in Nebraska
in Nevada
in New Hampshire
in New Jersey
in New Mexico
in New York
in North Carolina
in North Dakota
in Ohio
in Oklahoma
in Oregon
in Pennsylvania
in Rhode Island
in South Carolina
in South Dakota
in Tennessee
in Texas
in Utah
in Vermont
in Virginia
in Washington
in West Virginia
in Wisconsin
in Wyoming
Related Analysis
Our Methodology
Collecting billions of individual measurements daily from over 100 million devices globally, Opensignal independently analyzes mobile and broadband user experience on every major network operator around the globe.
About Opensignal
Opensignal is the leading global provider of independent insights into consumers' connectivity experiences and choice of carrier. Our proprietary insights into mobile and broadband networks give operators the solutions they need to profitably compete and win, from executive level scorecards and public validation to pin-point level engineering analytics and consumer decision dynamics.
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Confidence Intervals
For every metric we calculate statistical confidence intervals indicated on our graphs. When confidence intervals overlap, our measured results are too close to declare a winner. In those cases, we show a statistical draw. For this reason, some metrics have multiple operator winners.
In our bar graphs we represent confidence intervals as boundaries on either sides of graph bars.
In our supporting-metric charts we show confidence intervals as +/- numerical values.
Why confidence intervals are vital in analyzing mobile network experience